Tabel Berat Besi Hollow.epub
Tabel Berat Besi Hollow.epub: A Handy Tool for Hollow Steel Weight Estimation
If you are working with hollow steel, you might need a tool to help you calculate the weight of the material. Hollow steel is a type of steel profile that has a hollow or empty space in the middle. It is commonly used for construction, fabrication, furniture, and other applications that require a strong and lightweight material.
Tabel Berat Besi Hollow.epub
One of the tools that you can use to estimate the weight of hollow steel is Tabel Berat Besi Hollow.epub. This is an electronic file that contains a table of hollow steel dimensions, thicknesses, lengths, and weights. You can download this file from various online sources and open it with an e-book reader or a compatible software.
What is Tabel Berat Besi Hollow.epub?
Tabel Berat Besi Hollow.epub is a file format that stands for Electronic Publication. It is a digital book that can be read on various devices such as computers, smartphones, tablets, and e-readers. It has a flexible layout that can adapt to different screen sizes and orientations. It also supports images, fonts, hyperlinks, and interactive features.
Tabel Berat Besi Hollow.epub is a specific file that contains a table of hollow steel specifications. It lists the different sizes of hollow steel, from 20 x 20 mm to 200 x 200 mm, with their respective thicknesses, lengths, and weights. It also shows the different types of hollow steel, such as black hollow steel and galvanized hollow steel.
How to Use Tabel Berat Besi Hollow.epub?
To use Tabel Berat Besi Hollow.epub, you need to download it first from a reliable source. You can search for it on the internet or ask for it from your supplier. Make sure that the file is complete and accurate before using it.
After downloading the file, you need to open it with an e-book reader or a compatible software. You can use any device that supports epub files, such as computers, smartphones, tablets, and e-readers. You can also convert the file to other formats such as PDF or Excel if you prefer.
Once you open the file, you will see a table of hollow steel specifications. You can use this table to find the weight of the hollow steel that you need for your project. You can either look for the exact size and thickness of the hollow steel that you have or use a formula to calculate the weight based on the dimensions.
The formula to calculate the weight of hollow steel is:
Berat Besi Hollow = ((W+H) x 2 x L x B x BJ) : 1.000.000
Where:
W is the width (mm)
H is the height (mm)
L is the length (mm)
B is the thickness (mm)
BJ is the specific weight of steel (7.85 kg)
For example, if you have a hollow steel with a size of 50 x 50 mm, a thickness of 2 mm, and a length of 6 m, you can use the formula to find its weight:
Berat Besi Hollow = ((50+50) x 2 x 6000 x 2 x 7.85) : 1.000.000
Berat Besi Hollow = (200 x 12000 x 15.7) : 1.000.000
Berat Besi Hollow = (37680000) : 1.000.000
What are the Advantages of Hollow Steel?
Hollow steel has many advantages over other types of steel profiles or materials. Some of the benefits of hollow steel are:
High strength-to-weight ratio: Hollow steel has a high radius of gyration about both axes, which provides high torsional resistance and superior compression performance with significant weight savings. Hollow steel is not only the most economical structural member, but also the most efficient one.
Closed section: Hollow steel has a closed section that makes it more resistant to buckling and torsion than open sections. Hollow steel also has a higher moment of inertia, which means it can withstand higher bending stresses.
Aesthetic appeal: Hollow steel has a smooth and sleek appearance that can create attractive and modern structures. Hollow steel can also be painted, coated, or galvanized to enhance its aesthetic value or durability.
Cost saving: Hollow steel can reduce the material and labor costs of construction, as it requires less material and welding than other types of steel profiles. Hollow steel can also reduce the maintenance and repair costs, as it is more durable and corrosion-resistant than other materials.
Sustainable and adaptable: Hollow steel is 100% recyclable and reusable, which makes it an environmentally friendly material. Hollow steel can also be easily modified or extended at a later time without overloading the foundations of the existing structure.
What are the Sources of Tabel Berat Besi Hollow.epub?
Tabel Berat Besi Hollow.epub is a file that contains a table of hollow steel specifications. It can be downloaded from various online sources that provide information about steel products and materials. Some of the sources of Tabel Berat Besi Hollow.epub are:
Scribd: Scribd is a digital library that offers access to millions of books, documents, audiobooks, and podcasts. It also allows users to upload and share their own files. One of the files that can be found on Scribd is Tabel Baja-Besi-Hollow.pdf, which is similar to Tabel Berat Besi Hollow.epub but in PDF format. This file lists the different sizes, thicknesses, lengths, and weights of hollow steel, as well as other types of steel profiles such as IWF, L, C, H, and beton.
Indosteger: Indosteger is a company that specializes in scaffolding and formwork products and services. It also provides information and tips about construction materials and techniques on its website. One of the articles that can be found on Indosteger's website is Tabel Besi Hollow beserta Jenis dan Spesifikasi Besi Hollow, which explains what hollow steel is, what its advantages are, and what its specifications are. It also includes a table of hollow steel sizes and weights.
Hi Steel: Hi Steel is a company that supplies various kinds of steel products such as hollow steel, wiremesh, iron plate, iron concrete, and steel pipe. It also provides information about steel products and their applications on its website. One of the articles that can be found on Hi Steel's website is Tabel Berat Besi Hollow Hitam Dan Ukurannya, which describes what black hollow steel is, how to calculate its weight, and what its sizes and thicknesses are. It also includes a table of black hollow steel sizes and weights.
What are the Disadvantages of Hollow Steel?
Hollow steel has some disadvantages compared to other types of steel profiles or materials. Some of the drawbacks of hollow steel are:
Less flexural strength: Hollow steel has less flexural strength than solid steel, which means it can resist less bending moment. Hollow steel also requires more material to achieve the same flexural strength as an equivalent I-shaped section.
Difficult bolted connections: Hollow steel has difficult bolted connections, as the section is closed and inaccessible. Bolted connections also require special fasteners and tools, such as blind bolts and hole saws. Bolted connections also reduce the cross-sectional area and the strength of hollow steel.
Less torsional rigidity: Hollow steel has less torsional rigidity than solid steel, which means it can resist less twisting force. Hollow steel also has less tolerance for excessive torque, which can cause failure or deformation. Hollow steel is also more prone to bending when subjected to lateral tension, such as a boat propeller shaft.
Surface defects: Hollow steel can have surface defects, such as scaling, cracking, or peeling, depending on the manufacturing process. Hot-formed hollow steel can shrink during cooling and have rounded corners, which can affect the tolerances and dimensions. Cold-formed hollow steel can have residual stresses and distortions due to bending and welding.
What are the Welding of Black and Galvanized Hollow Steel?
Welding of black and galvanized hollow steel is a process of joining two or more pieces of hollow steel by applying heat and pressure. Welding can be done before or after galvanizing, depending on the design and application of the structure. Welding of hollow steel requires special techniques and precautions to avoid defects and hazards. Some of the aspects of welding of black and galvanized hollow steel are:
Welding methods: The most common welding methods for hollow steel are gas metal arc welding (GMAW), shielded metal arc welding (SMAW), oxyacetylene welding (OAW), stud welding, friction welding, and resistance welding. Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages, depending on the type, thickness, and shape of the hollow steel.
Welding preparation: Before welding, the zinc coating on galvanized hollow steel should be removed at least 1-4 inches (2.5-10 cm) from the weld area on both sides of the piece. This can be done by grinding, burning, or pushing back the zinc. The removal of zinc prevents porosity, cracking, and embrittlement of the weld.
Welding safety: Welding of galvanized hollow steel produces toxic fumes that can cause metal fume fever, a flu-like illness. Therefore, welding should be done in a well-ventilated area with proper personal protective equipment, such as a welding mask, respirator, gloves, and apron. A fume extractor or a fan can also be used to reduce the exposure to fumes.
Welding quality: Welding of hollow steel should be done according to the applicable codes and standards, such as AWS D1.1/D1.1M for structural welding or AWS D19.0 for welding zinc-coated steel. The welds should be inspected for defects such as cracks, porosity, lack of fusion, or distortion. The welds should also be tested for strength and performance.
Conclusion
Hollow steel is a type of steel profile that has a hollow or empty space in the middle. It has many advantages, such as high strength-to-weight ratio, closed section, aesthetic appeal, cost saving, and sustainability. However, it also has some disadvantages, such as less flexural strength, difficult bolted connections, less torsional rigidity, and surface defects. Welding of hollow steel is a common practice in various engineering and construction applications. It requires special techniques and precautions to avoid defects and hazards. Welding of hollow steel can be done using different methods, such as gas metal arc welding, shielded metal arc welding, oxyacetylene welding, stud welding, friction welding, and resistance welding. Welding of hollow steel should be done according to the applicable codes and standards, and inspected for quality and performance.
Tabel Berat Besi Hollow.epub is a file that contains a table of hollow steel specifications. It can be downloaded from various online sources and opened with an e-book reader or a compatible software. It can be used to estimate the weight of hollow steel based on the dimensions and thicknesses. It can also be converted to other formats, such as PDF or Excel, if preferred.
This article has provided an overview of the hollow steel and its applications, as well as the welding of black and galvanized hollow steel. For more information and details, please refer to the sources cited in the article. d282676c82
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